WASHINGTON -- Executives of the nation's five biggest oil companies said Tuesday they know record fuel prices are hurting people, but they argued it's not their fault and said their huge profits are in line with other industries.
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Appearing before the House Select Committee on Energy Independence and Global Warming, the executives were pressed to explain why they should continue to get billions of dollars in tax breaks when they made $123 billion last year and motorists are paying record gasoline prices.
"On April Fools' Day, the biggest joke of all is being played on American families by Big Oil," said Rep. Edward Markey, D-Mass.
But J.S. Simon, senior vice president of Exxon Mobil Corp., said the industry depends on high earnings to sustain it during down cycles. His company made a record $40 billion profit last year.
"Our earnings, although high in absolute terms, need to be viewed in the context of the scale and cyclical, long-term nature of our industry as well as the huge investment requirements," Simon said.
The up cycle has been going on too long, suggested Rep. Emanuel Cleaver, D-Mo. "The anger level is rising significantly."
Democrats hammered the executives for their profits and demanded they do more to develop alternative energy sources such as wind, solar and biofuels. Republicans called for opening more areas for drilling to boost domestic production of oil and gas.
What would bring lower prices? asked Rep. James Sensenbrenner of Wisconsin, the committee's ranking Republican.
"We need access to all kinds of energy supply," said Robert Malone, chairman of BP America, adding that 85% of the country's coastal waters are off-limits to drilling.
Markey challenged the executives to pledge to invest 10% of their profits to develop renewable energy and give up $18 billion in tax breaks over 10 years so money could be funneled to support other energy and conservation.
They responded that their companies already spend on alternative energy projects and argued that new taxes would dampen investment and could lead to even higher prices.
Over the past five years, Simon said, Exxon Mobil's U.S. tax bill exceeded its U.S. profits by $19 billion.
Markey wasn't impressed.
"These companies are defending billions of federal subsidies ... while reaping over a hundred billion dollars in profits in just the last year alone," he said. The companies are reaping "a windfall of revenue" while poor people have to choose between heating and eating.
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